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    Check out our podcast here
  • Expert Resources

    Expert Resources


    Gardening
    Invasive species
    Food and food safety
    Ants, termites and other pests
    Pollinators
    Livestock
    Emergency preparedness
    Home safety and maintenance
    Health, family and finances
    Nutrition
    Water quality
    Lawn maintenance and landscaping
    Turfgrass
    View all topics

    What is an Expert Resource?


    We publish unbiased, research-backed expert advice to empower Georgians with practical, trustworthy information they can trust.

    These resources are written and reviewed by experts in the UGA College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences and the UGA College of Family and Consumer Sciences.

    Learn how we produce science you can trust
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  1. Home
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  4. Lawn and Garden
  5. Garden soil

Garden soil

Use the Advanced Search
  • C 990

    Soil Inoculants

    Soil inoculants are used for a variety of reasons. In some cases, we add soil organisms that have a known beneficial effect. A symbiotic relationship is one that is mutually beneficial. In return for the plant feeding the rhizobia carbon from photosynthesis and giving it a home, the bacteria can “fix” atmospheric nitrogen into a form that the plant can use.

    Julia W. Gaskin, Peter Gary Hartel, Elizabeth L. Little, and Glendon H. Harris

    |

    Jan. 5, 2026
  • Soil Testing: Soil pH and Salt Concentration

    C 875

    Soil Testing: Soil pH and Salt Concentration

    Soil pH is one of the most important measurements of soil fertility. Knowing a soil’s pH may help in diagnosing nutritional problems of agricultural crops and other plants.

    David E. Kissel Ph.D and Paul F. Vendrell

    |

    Jan. 5, 2026
  • C 853

    How to Convert an Inorganic Fertilizer Recommendation to an Organic One

    Many farmers and gardeners use natural minerals and organic fertilizers rather than synthetic ones to build their soil. If you use organic materials as all or part of your fertilization program, this publication will help you calculate the proper amount to use from the recommendations provided by a soil test.

    Walter F. Reeves, Julia W. Gaskin, David E. Kissel Ph.D, George E. Boyhan, Wayne J. McLaurin, and Glendon H. Harris

    |

    Jan. 5, 2026
  • Turfgrass Fertility: Soil Texture, Organic Matter, Aeration, and pH

    C 1058-1

    Turfgrass Fertility: Soil Texture, Organic Matter, Aeration, and pH

    Successful lawn care requires a basic understanding of soil properties. A healthy plant starts with healthy soil. Soil is a complex relationship of soil minerals, organic matter, soil inhabiting organisms, and plants along with water and air. Understanding when and how to aerate the soil and understanding what pH is and how it affects plant health is essential for turfgrass health. This publication aims to help homeowners and landscape professionals improve soil fertility through the techniques discussed.

    Clint Waltz and Becky Griffin

    |

    Jan. 5, 2026
  • C 1040

    Cation Exchange Capacity and Base Saturation

    Cation exchange capacity (CEC) is a measure of the total negative charges within the soil that adsorb plant nutrient cations such as calcium (Ca2+), magnesium (Mg2+) and potassium (K+). As such, the CEC is a property of a soil that describes its capacity to supply nutrient cations to the soil solution for plant uptake.

    Uttam K. Saha

    |

    Jan. 5, 2026
  • C 1030

    Ornamental Plantings on Septic Drainfields

    Ornamental plantings can be attractive and beneficial options for the expanse of open ground designated for a septic drainfield. Properly chosen plants help manage moisture and nutrient levels in the soils around the drainfield, and can discourage activities that may cause site compaction and reduce the effectiveness of the system. The drawback is that poor plant choices can create costly maintenance issues, and any septic drainfield repair work could disturb planting areas that you value. By following a few simple guidelines, planting in these areas can be both pretty and practical.

    Sheri Dorn

    |

    Jan. 5, 2026
  • C 1019

    Soil Salinity Testing, Data Interpretation, and Recommendations

    The University of Georgia Agricultural and Environmental Services Laboratories offer soil salinity testing to help farmers and the general public diagnose and manage problems associated with soil salinity. By definition, a saline soil contains excess soluble salts that reduce the growth of most crops or ornamental plants. This publication discusses soil salinity testing, data interpretation and recommendations, specifically those pertaining to the University of Georgia.

    David E. Kissel Ph.D, Uttam K. Saha, and Leticia S Sonon

    |

    Jan. 5, 2026
  • C 1075

    Urban Gardening: Assessing Soils for Contamination

    Urban gardeners and farmers may have concerns about potentially harmful contaminants in their soils. By determining the historical use of the land, one can test for soil contamination associated with prior use. This publication outlines appropriate testing procedures for soil contamination and recommends best gardening practices for working in urban soils.

    Jason Lessl

    |

    July 11, 2025
  • C 1313

    Common Agricultural Calculations Using Unit Conversions

    Use this publication to calculate planting densities, fertilizer application rates, sprayer calibration, and soil amendment applications using unit conversions. We demonstrate the “raw math” behind common calculations to provide you with the tools for solving any equation using simple addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. No longer will you be dependent on having production guides, fertilizer charts, planter manuals, and spray nozzle catalogs to tell you what to do.

    Alton N Sparks, Wesley Porter, Ted McAvoy, Luan Oliveira, and Manisha Kumari

    |

    Feb. 24, 2025
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