Fruit and Vegetable Production Resources
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Stubby-root nematodes, Paratrichodorus minor, are considered an important pest of onions in Georgia. Low to high population densities of this nematode were observed in multiple fields in the Vidalia area causing damage to sweet onions. The most obvious aboveground symptoms of stubby-root nematode nematode infection are poor, stunted growth of onion seedlings. Stubby-root nematodes have a wide host range, including sugar beets, potatoes, corn, cotton, peanuts, wheat, onions, grasses and some other vegetable crops that are commonly grown in Georgia. Fallow crop rotation with non-host cover crops and treating seedbeds with suitable fumigant and non-fumigant nematicides are effective controls for this pest.
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The “Vineyard Canopy Management Series” of Extension circulars reviews a number of canopy-management practices individually. Each circular advises how to effectively implement a canopy-management practice and why it is important to do so. The practices collectively known as “canopy management” aim to maximize canopy leaf exposure, maintain crop yield and quality, decrease disease, and improve vineyard health and sustainability. Though labor-intensive, canopy management should not be considered optional if the goal is annual production of high-quality grapes and wines.
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Fertilization is an important practice of maintaining plant health. The blueberry plant is no exception, but there are important considerations when fertilizing blueberries. The rates, timing, and type of fertilizer should be common knowledge for the grower. In this circular, how to fertilize blueberry plants is described with text, diagrams, and calculations to provide growers, Extension agents, and anyone interested with the knowledge to successfully grow blueberries, from newly established to mature plantings. This publication was written to address commercial growers’ need for a reference to avoid costly mistakes such as over-fertilization, discussing both granular and liquid fertilization.
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Shoot thinning is the first seasonal canopy management practice in wine grape vineyards, but shoot thinning is not implemented in muscadine vineyards. Failure to shoot thin results in a highly congested canopy characterized by reduced air flow, high humidity, and extended damp periods. Muscadines can generally tolerate such conditions without adverse effects. Wine grapes grown in crowded fruit zones, however, will experience excessive disease incidence and severity—especially in the humid Southeastern U.S. Shoot thinning is therefore a necessary canopy management practice in wine grape vineyards in Georgia and other Southeastern states.
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C 1151
Viticulture Management
This phenology-based viticulture management poster provides a reference for sound viticultural, disease, and insect management practices in a digestible format. Viticultural practices optimize vineyard health, profitability, and sustainability and improve crop quantity and quality. Like pest management, viticultural practices should be implemented in a timely fashion throughout the growing season to maximize practice efficiency and benefit gain. Disease control in grapes is critical, as grapes are susceptible to a wide range of pathogens. Implementing timely and adequate cultural practices will greatly help to suppress diseases.
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C 1151-SP
Manejo del Viñedo
Este póster del manejo del viñedo está basado en la fenología de la planta y proporciona una referencia para las buenas prácticas de manejo de las enfermedades y los insectos de la vid en un formato atractivo y digerible. Las prácticas vitícolas optimizan la salud, la rentabilidad y la sostenibilidad de los viñedos al mismo tiempo que mejoran la cantidad y calidad del cultivo. Al igual que el manejo de plagas, las prácticas vitivinícolas deben implementarse de manera oportuna a lo largo de la temporada de crecimiento de la planta para maximizar la eficiencia de la práctica y la ganancia de beneficios.
El control de enfermedades en las uvas es crítico, ya que las uvas son susceptibles a una amplia gama de patógenos. La implementación de prácticas culturales oportunas y adecuadas ayudará enormemente a eliminar las enfermedades. Además, las uvas, más que muchos productos hortícolas, requieren programas de fungicidas agresivos durante todo el año para mantener la salud de la vid. El manejo integrado de plagas en el viñedo combina una variedad de técnicas y herramientas para controlar las plagas. Comienza identificando correctamente al insecto y comprendiendo su tiempo y actividad dentro de un cultivo a lo largo de la temporada. El monitoreo y la evaluación de la abundancia de plagas identificadas y las lesiones en los cultivos pueden ayudar a determinar el método correcto para el manejo efectivo de la plaga.
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Exobasidium leaf and fruit spot, caused by the fungus Exobasidium maculosum, is an emerging disease affecting both southern highbush and rabbiteye blueberries. In addition to direct yield loss due to fruit drop, lesions on remaining fruit compromise the aesthetic qualities of the fruit as well as the taste, rendering them unmarketable. This circular provides the most current knowledge of this important pathogen/disease of blueberry and its management.
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Georgia pecan orchards are often found growing adjacent to fields of annual row crops, timber, and pastures. As a result, the tree canopies of these orchards are susceptible to injury from herbicide drift from the adjacent operations when herbicide applications are made under conditions unsuitable for spraying. Drift may also occur when cotton fields are sprayed with chemical defoliants in the fall. Pecan tree roots often extend into an adjacent row crop fields and can compete with the row crop for available soil, water, and nutrients. Under such conditions, trees may also absorb residual herbicides from the soil in these fields.
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This publication outlines the sampling procedure for irrigation water to be used in blueberry production. Follow the outlined steps to provide a certified lab with a sample that is representative of the irrigation water to be used for growing blueberry plants.
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